altair60 Max, Min, Avg and Std graphs primarily
The Max, Min, Avg and Std are not graphs, but each value has a number associated with it, that reflects the maximum, minimum, average and standard deviation of the ADU ("analog-to-digital units) of all of the pixels in the frame.
A camera sensor puts out an analog voltage. After passing through an analog gain stage, the voltage (both camera noise and signal from the sky are amplified by this gain value) is given to an analog to digital converter (normally abbreviated as ADC or A/D converter), and turned into discrete numbers ("ADU").
An ADU is the unit of a number which comes out of the ADC. In the ASIAIR, the numbers are scaled to a 16 bit number (between 0 and 65535). If you see a number that is close to 65500, it is likely that the ADC has clipped. For a 16-bit camera, 1 ADU is basically the least significant bit from the ADC.
The standard deviation is the square root of the variance of all the pixels (i.e., "noise" term) and includes the quantization noise of the ADC.
Any pixel that exceeds Max ADU has most likely lost its color too. E.g., for a red star like the Garnet Star, a clipped red component will lose its saturation. And when all red, green and blue components saturate, a red or blue star turns a bright white.
If ZWO didn't take care of it, Max ADU could also be caused by hot pixels.
Chen
