Additional Comment:
I use a 5m Manhattan USB 3.0 Active repeater extension cable.
This is a plug&play device but may be my problem caused by wrong driver support of Win10?
Furthermore I found out that the ASI1600MMC has the same connection problems with this repeater cable.
Sometimes it works and than lost connection (e.g. during an exposure) but the device manager shows that the ASI1600MMC is still connected.